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what percentage of fresh water does canada have

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what percentage of fresh water does canada have
what percentage of fresh water does canada have

Does Canada need to conserve its water?

Canadians know the importance of our freshwater supply, but by understanding how we use it and where it goes, we can use our supply even more responsibly.

From snow-dusted glaciers to thundering rivers to vast expanses of mirror-surfaced lakes, Canada is a country with abundant freshwater. But, with the world facing a freshwater crisis, Canadians have the increased responsibility of being the guardians of 20 percent of the planet’s precious freshwater resources. By knowing where our water comes from in Canada and where it goes, we can use it even more responsibly—setting an example for the rest of the world in the process.

Where does our water come from?

Like anywhere else in the world, Canada’s water follows a hydrological cycle: it falls in various forms of precipitation, and runs off the land as streams and rivers before flowing into the ocean, evaporating and starting again. However, in some areas, water has a longer cycling time, either locked up in glaciers or slowly seeping through layers of rock to collect in underground reservoirs known as aquifers.

How much of our water can we actually use?

Water that flows into rivers from rain and snowmelt is considered a renewable supply because it’s replenished on a yearly basis, although seasonal averages are affected by factors such as climate change. Non-renewable freshwater is usually groundwater that collected hundreds, if not thousands, of years ago when an arid region was considerably wetter. These resources can take a lifetime to renew, and so overuse could see them too easily depleted. Of Canada’s 20 percent of global freshwater resources, only around 7 percent is considered renewable, and most of that drains north toward Hudson Bay and the Arctic Ocean—away from the 85 percent of Canadians that live along the southern border. But, considering that Canada’s inhabitants make up half a percent of the world’s population, this is still a plentiful supply if used wisely.

Where does Canada’s freshwater go?

At around 9 percent of Canada’s total freshwater use, households account for the third highest consumption, after thermal-electric power generation and manufacturing.

Domestically, up until 2005 Canada was quite a thirsty nation with Canadians using around 330 liters of water each day—twice as much as the average European.

Today improvements in the water efficiency of household appliances mean Canadians now only use around 250 liters per person each day.

This is fantastic progress that can we can further improve upon, especially in places like the bathroom since over half of our daily water intake goes toward activities like washing and cleaning—just flushing the toilet uses the equivalent of 200 bottles of water!

what percentage of fresh water does canada have
what percentage of fresh water does canada have

What can we do to save our water?

Despite a slightly higher than average consumption, we still only use around one percent of our annually renewable water, and we have opportunities to use even less of it. Metering helps households to monitor their water usage, and some provinces have introduced plumbing codes that now require new buildings to be more water conserving.

Why is it important that we do?

Although Canada has abundant renewable freshwater, how much water each region receives varies based on location, drought, or demand. In urban populations especially, increasing demand, climate change, and the high cost of replacing aging infrastructure will likely make sustainable water management more difficult in future. Canada does recycle its freshwater, but on a small scale in isolated areas, and largely for agricultural use in areas like British Columbia and the Prairies. So, as municipal water supplies decrease or degrade in the future, water reuse in Canada will likely have to increase; in the meantime, the easiest and best answer may simply be to use less water.

Canada can lead by example

As responsible water stewards, we can take further action to show the rest of the world how to conserve and sustainably use water. Fitting faucets with aerators and installing modern, dual-flush toilets help to achieve the same results with much less water, while simple habit changes like only washing full loads of clothes and turning the tap off while brushing teeth also result in substantial savings. And it all adds up—just reducing time spent showering by two minutes can save around 2,600 liters of water per month, and not pre-rinsing dishes before loading the dishwasher saves up to 75 liters per load.

These are small, water-conscious choices that each of us can make every single day. And, if a water-rich country like Canada continues to reduce its consumption, the rest of the world will likely agree that they should, too.

what percentage of fresh water does canada have
what percentage of fresh water does canada have

resource: wikipedia

what percentage of fresh water does canada have
what percentage of fresh water does canada have
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how percentage of water in earth

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how percentage of water in earth
how percentage of water in earth

Where is Earth’s Water?

Water, Water, Everywhere….”
You’ve heard the phrase, and for water, it really is true. Earth’s water is (almost) everywhere: above the Earth in the air and clouds, on the surface of the Earth in rivers, oceans, ice, plants, in living organisms, and inside the Earth in the top few miles of the ground.

For an estimated explanation of where Earth’s water exists, look at this bar chart.If you check back in a million years, no doubt these numbers will be different!

  • Left bar: All water, freshwater and saline, on, in, and above the Earth.
  • Center bar: All freshwater
  • Right bar: Only the portion of freshwater residing in surface water (rivers and lakes, etc), snow and ice, and relatively-shallow ground water.

Here is a bar chart showing where all water on, in, and above the Earth exists. The left-side bar chart shows how almost all of Earth’s water is saline and is found in the oceans.

total freshwater

Notice how of the world’s total water supply of about 332.5 million cubic miles of water, over 96 percent is saline.  . Yet, rivers and lakes are the sources of most of the water people use everyday.

Where is all of the Earth’s water?

The ocean holds about 97 percent of the Earth’s water; .

According to the U.S. Geological Survey, there are over 332,519,000 cubic miles of water on the planet. A cubic mile is the volume of a cube measuring one mile on each side. Of this vast volume of water, NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center estimates that 321,003,271 cubic miles is in the ocean.

how percentage of water in earth
how percentage of water in earth

TEACHING STRATEGY FOR GRADES K-3 Part A – Exploring the Globe 1. Look at the globe with the students. See if they can find where they live on the globe. Have them point out lakes, rivers, and oceans.  2. Ask the students if they know which kinds of waterbodies are salt water and which are freshwater. Have they ever tasted salt water? Was it good? 3. Ask the students if they think there is more water or land on the globe.

Is there water beneath the surface of the ground that we cannot see on the globe?

BACKGROUND INFORMATION Because water covers three-quarters of the earth’s surface, it might appear that there is plenty to go around and that we will never run out of this valuable resource. In reality, however, we have a limited amount of usable fresh water. Over 97 percent of the earth’s water is found in the oceans as salt water. Two percent of the earth’s water is stored as fresh water in glaciers, ice caps, and snowy mountain ranges.

That leaves only one percent of the earth’s water available to us for our daily water supply needs. Our fresh water supplies are stored either in the soil (aquifers) or bedrock fractures beneath the ground (ground water) or in lakes, rivers, and streams on the earth’s surface (surface water). We use fresh water for a variety of purposes. Agricultural uses represent the largest consumer of fresh water, about 42 percent. Approximately 39 percent of our fresh water is used for the pro­duction of electricity; 11 percent is used in urban and rural homes, offices, and hotels; and the remaining 8 percent is used in manu­facturing and mining activities.

How much water is in the ocean?

About 97 percent of Earth’s water is in the ocean.

It’s hard to imagine, but about 97 percent of the Earth’s water can be found in our ocean. Of the tiny percentage that’s not in the ocean, about two percent is frozen up in glaciers and ice caps. Less than one percent of all the water on Earth is fresh. A tiny fraction of water exists as water vapor in our atmosphere.

According to the U.S. Geological Survey, there are over 332,519,000 cubic miles of water on the planet. A cubic mile is the volume of a cube measuring one mile on each side. Of this vast volume of water, NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center estimates that 321,003,271 cubic miles is in the ocean.

That’s enough water to fill about 352,670,000,000,000,000,000 gallon-sized milk containers!

how percentage of water in earth
how percentage of water in earth

Water distribution on Earth

Most water in Earth’s atmosphere and crust comes from saline seawater, while fresh water accounts for nearly 1% of the total. The vast bulk of the water on Earth is saline or salt water, with an average salinity of 35‰ (or 4.5%, roughly equivalent to 34 grams of salts in 1 kg of seawater), though this varies slightly according to the amount of runoff received from surrounding land. In all, water from oceans and marginal seas, saline groundwater and water from saline closed lakes amount to over 97% of the water on Earth, though no closed lake stores a globally significant amount of water.

Distribution of saline and fresh water

The total volume of water on Earth is estimated at 1.386 billion km³ (333 million cubic miles), with 97.5% being salt water and 2.5% being fresh water. Of the fresh water, only 0.3% is in liquid form on the surface.[2][3][4]

Because the oceans that cover roughly 71% of the area of Earth reflect blue light, Earth appears blue from space, and is often referred to as the blue planet and the Pale Blue Dot.

Groundwater

Fresh groundwater is of great value, especially in arid countries such as India. Its distribution is broadly similar to that of surface river water, but it is easier to store in hot and dry climates because groundwater storages are much more shielded from evaporation than are dams. In countries such as Yemen, groundwater from erratic rainfall during the rainy season is the major source of irrigation water.

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what percent of earth’s freshwater is found in oceans

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what percent of earth's freshwater is found in oceans
what percent of earth’s freshwater is found in oceans

Where is Earth’s Water?

Water, Water, Everywhere….”
You’ve heard the phrase, and for water, it really is true. Earth’s water is (almost) everywhere: above the Earth in the air and clouds, on the surface of the Earth in rivers, oceans, ice, plants, in living organisms, and inside the Earth in the top few miles of the ground.

water cycle

For an estimated explanation of where Earth’s water exists, look at this bar chart.  If you check back in a million years, no doubt these numbers will be different!

  • Left bar: All water, freshwater and saline, on, in, and above the Earth.
  • Center bar: All freshwater
  • Right bar: Only the portion of freshwater residing in surface water (rivers and lakes, etc), snow and ice, and relatively-shallow ground water.

Here is a bar chart showing where all water on, in, and above the Earth exists. The left-side bar chart shows how almost all of Earth’s water is saline and is found in the oceans.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

BACKGROUND INFORMATION Because water covers three-quarters of the earth’s surface, it might appear that there is plenty to go around and that we will never run out of this valuable resource. In reality, however, we have a limited amount of usable fresh water. Over 97 percent of the earth’s water is found in the oceans as salt water.

Two percent of the earth’s water is stored as fresh water in glaciers, ice caps, and snowy mountain ranges.

That leaves only one percent of the earth’s water available to us for our daily water supply needs.

Our fresh water supplies are stored either in the soil (aquifers) or bedrock fractures beneath the ground (ground water) or in lakes, rivers, and streams on the earth’s surface (surface water).

We use fresh water for a variety of purposes. Agricultural uses represent the largest consumer of fresh water, about 42 percent.

Approximately 39 percent of our fresh water is used for the pro­duction of electricity; 11 percent is used in urban and rural homes, offices, and hotels; and the remaining 8 percent is used in manu­facturing and mining activities.

what percent of earth's freshwater is found in oceans
what percent of earth’s freshwater is found in oceans

TEACHING STRATEGY FOR GRADES K-3 Part A

– Exploring the Globe 1. Look at the globe with the students. See if they can find where they live on the globe. Have them point out lakes, rivers, and oceans. 2. Ask the students if they know which kinds of waterbodies are salt water and which are freshwater.

Have they ever tasted salt water? Was it good? 3. Ask the students if they think there is more water or land on the globe.

Is there water beneath the surface of the ground that we cannot see on the globe? Part B – Demonstrating With Ziti 1. Spread the ziti out on a table.

100 ziti pieces

Explain that there are 100 ziti pieces that represents all (100%) of the water in the world. 2. Using the concept of percentages, ask the students if they know what the red and green zitis represent. See if they can estimate percentages. Explain that the two green zitis represent water that is stored as ice in glaciers and at the poles (2%). The lone­ly red ziti represents the fresh water that is available for plants, animals, and people (1% of all the water on the earth). Ask the students what the remaining blue zitis represent.

They represent the water that’s in the ocean, 97% of all the water on earth. 3. Ask the students what we should do to take good care of the water we use in our homes and businesses.

Use only what we need. Optional Strategy Use 100 dixie cups filled with water. Use food coloring (as described above) to indicate ice glaciers and fresh water.

Supplementary Activities  Draw a water pie. Have students draw a circle that represents all the water in the world. Have them make pie slices in the circle that represent 97% ocean, 2% glaciers and ice, and 1% fresh water. Color and label the water pie.

what percent of earth's freshwater is found in oceans
what percent of earth’s freshwater is found in oceans
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percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth

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percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth
percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth

Total global saltwater and freshwater estimates

Estimates of global water resources based on several different calculation methods have produced varied estimates. This graphic illustrates the proportions of saltwater and freshwater that make up the earth’s water resources. It also shows what percentage of the world’s freshwater is located in lakes and river storage; in groundwater, including soil moisture, swamp water and permafrost, and in glaciers and permanent snow cover.
Year: 2005

a.Water cycle:

The water cycle describes how water evaporates from the Earth’s surface, rises into the atmosphere, cools, condenses to form clouds, and falls again to the surface as precipitation. About 75% of the energy (or heat) in the global atmosphere is transferred through the evaporation of water from the Earth’s surface. On land, water evaporates from the ground, mainly from soils, plants (i.e., transpiration), lakes, and streams. In fact, approximately 15% of the water entering the atmosphere is from evaporation from Earth’s land surfaces and evapotranspiration from plants. Such evaporation cools the Earth’s surface, cools the lower atmosphere, and provides water to the atmosphere to form clouds.

b. Earth’s fresh water :

Of all the water that exists on our planet, roughly 97% is saltwater and less than 3% is freshwater.

c. Precipitation:

Precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls quickly from a cloud. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel (soft hail or snow pellets), and hail.

d. Global view:

Understanding the role of precipitation in Earth’s water cycle and how it interacts with other Earth systems requires a global view. The distribution of water throughout the atmosphere and how it moves, changing between its solid, liquid, and gaseous forms, is a powerful vehicle for redistributing Earth’s energy and influences the behavior of the planet’s weather, climate, and other environmental systems.

percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth
percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth

Earth’s Freshwater

Most people have heard Earth referred to as “the water planet.” With that name comes the rightful image of a world with plentiful water. In photographs taken from space, we can see that our planet has more water than land. However, of all the water on Earth, more than 99 percent of Earth’s water is unusable by humans and many other living things – only about 0.3 percent of our fresh water is found in the surface water of lakes, rivers and swamps.The teacher guide describes our current understanding of water cycling and freshwater issues that affect natural and human communities.

Grades

3 – 8

Subjects

Earth Science

Contents

8 PDFs, 12 Videos

planet has more water

In photographs taken from space, we can see that our planet has more water than land. It is unexpected and somewhat inconceivable that less than three percent of Earth’s water is fresh water. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, most of that three percent is inaccessible. Over 68 percent of the fresh water on Earth is found in icecaps and glaciers, and just over 30 percent is found in ground water. Only about 0.3 percent of our fresh water is found in the surface water of lakes, rivers, and swamps.

Of all the water on Earth, more than 99 percent of Earth’s water is unusable by humans and many other living things! It seems extraordinary that the water that supports all terrestrial, as well as aquatic, life on our planet is actually so scarce. With this stunning realization comes a recognition that we have to utilize this resource very wisely. An important first step is to educate ourselves and future generations of citizens.

resources

It provides a solid introduction to fresh water in an accessible and reader-friendly manner. In addition to general information about fresh water, the guide includes numerous education features, such as teaching tips and student thinking, that help to connect the content to classroom practice.

 

What Percent of Earth is Water?

This is due to the prevalence of water on the planet’s surface. While water itself is not blue, water gives off blue light upon reflection.

But how much of our planet is made up of water, exactly? Like most facts pertaining to our world, the answer is a little more complicated than you might think, and takes into account a number of different qualifications.

Sources of Water:

In simplest terms, water makes up about 71% of the Earth’s surface, while the other 29% consists of continents and islands.

Of that fresh water, almost all of it takes the form of ice: 69% of it, to be exact. If you could melt all that ice, and the Earth’s surface was perfectly smooth, the sea levels would rise to an altitude of 2.7 km.

percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth
percentage of freshwater and saltwater on earth

ice form

Aside from the water that exists in ice form, there is also the staggering amount of water that exists beneath the Earth’s surface. If you were to gather all the Earth’s fresh water together as a single mass (as shown in the image above) it is estimated that it would measure some 1,386 million cubic kilometers (km3) in volume.

Meanwhile, the amount of water that exists as groundwater, rivers, lakes, and streams would constitute just over 10.6 million km3, which works out to a little over 0.7%. Seen in this context, the limited and precious nature of freshwater becomes truly clear.

Volume vs. Mass:

But how much of Earth is water – i.e. how much water contributes to the actual mass of the planet? This includes not just the surface of the Earth, but inside as well. In terms of volume, all of the water on Earth works out to about 1.386 billion cubic kilometers (km³) or 332.5 million cubic miles (mi³) of space.

But in terms of mas, scientists calculate that the oceans on Earth weight about 1.35 x 1018 metric tonnes (1.488 x 1018 US tons), which is the equivalent of 1.35 billion trillion kg, or 2976 trillion trillion pounds. This is just 1/4400 the total mass of the Earth, which means that while the oceans cover 71% of the Earth’s surface, they only account for 0.02% of our planet’s total mass.

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what percent of water on earth is potable

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what percent of water on earth is potable
what percent of water on earth is potable

How Much Water on Earth is Drinkable?

Water is one of the most important commodities that supports life on earth but very few understand how hard it is to get clean, potable freshwater. Water, in all its forms, covers three quarters of the Earth’s surface. The water levels on Earth remain relatively the same each year. Every day, water goes through a cycle that sees it flow from land, to the seas and then evaporates into the atmosphere through the processes of evaporation and precipitation.

How Much of Earth’s Water is Fresh?

About 98% of all water on Earth is in the seas. Fresh water makes up under 3% of all water on earth, and nearly 65% of this drinkable water is tied up in glaciers. Rivers, streams, lakes, and dams that hold freshwater contain 1% of potable water while groundwater accounts for 0.3%.

Potable water is essential for all life forms to thrive. Every life form is made up of more than 60% water. The feasibility of life is determined mainly by the ability of every living organism to access fresh water, which is not equally distributed on Earth.

How Does Climate Change Impact Drinkable Water?

Although the levels of clean, potable water do not vary significantly year after year, climate change is currently changing the rules about how much potable water we’ll have access to. Climate researchers have foreseen more floods and droughts and have warned of changing rainfall patterns, and water related calamities will become less predictable and more severe.

As the constraints of delivering fresh potable water where it is needed becomes more clear, governments, farmers, communities and associations such as Southeast Desalting Association (SEDA) are coming up with ways to purify and recycle water.

what percent of water on earth is potable
what percent of water on earth is potable

Creating More Potable Water

The benefits of creating potable water through reverse osmosis and other membrane processes is another development in water management and is more about creativity, and advanced scientific ideas than it is about pipelines, pumps, and dams.

Using membrane water treatment technology to make potable water means that we can still have a future in which all water needs are met, ecosystems are kept healthy and all living organisms stay healthy, even with climate changes. Please contact Harn R/O Systems to learn more about how membrane technology can help us meet our ever-growing water needs

Freshwater Crisis

There is the same amount of freshwater on earth as there always has been, but the population has exploded, leaving the world’s water resources in crisis.

A Clean Water Crisis

The water you drink today has likely been around in one form or another since dinosaurs roamed the Earth, hundreds of millions of years ago.

While the amount of freshwater on the planet has remained fairly constant over time—continually recycled through the atmosphere and back into our cups—the population has exploded. This means that every year competition for a clean, copious supply of water for drinking, cooking, bathing, and sustaining life intensifies.

Water scarcity

Water scarcity is an abstract concept to many and a stark reality for others. It is the result of myriad environmental, political, economic, and social forces.

Freshwater makes up a very small fraction of all water on the planet. While nearly 70 percent of the world is covered by water, only 2.5 percent of it is fresh. The rest is saline and ocean-based. Even then, just 1 percent of our freshwater is easily accessible, with much of it trapped in glaciers and snowfields. In essence, only 0.007 percent of the planet’s water is available to fuel and feed its 6.8 billion people.

what percent of water on earth is potable
what percent of water on earth is potable

Surface Water


Surface water is any body of water that is on the earth’s surface: lakes, rivers, streams, and reservoirs. 80% of the world’s daily water usage comes from surface water and makes up the majority of the water used for irrigation and public supply. Oceans are the world’s largest source of surface water and make up 97% of it, but due to its high salinity, it is unusable for humans (Postel, 2010)


The earth’s surface waters travel through a complex network of flowing rivers and streams. Rivers can obtain their water from two sources: base flow and runoff.

.


some regions

Due to geography, climate, engineering, regulation, and competition for resources, some regions seem relatively flush with freshwater, while others face drought and debilitating pollution. In much of the developing world, clean water is either hard to come by or a commodity that requires laborious work or significant currency to obtain.

Water Is Life

Wherever they are, people need water to survive. Not only is the human body 60 percent water, the resource is also essential for producing food, clothing, and computers, moving our waste stream, and keeping us and the environment healthy.

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how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables

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how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables
how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables

Percentage of Water in Fruits

According to the USDA, a whole host of different fruits have very high water content.

If you’ve ever enjoyed a wedge of fresh watermelon, you’re familiar with its refreshing juiciness, which is due to its water content. This fruit is No. 1 in water content. Other fruits that are more than 90 percent water include strawberries, grapefruit and cantaloupe.

Peaches, Asian pears, blackberries, papaya, nectarines, plums, oranges, apricots, pineapple, raspberries, apples, blueberries and mangos are all more than 80 percent water.

Include These High-Water Vegetables

A variety of vegetables have a composition that’s 89 percent water or more, according to the USDA.

These include lettuce, celery, bok choy, radishes, cucumber, zucchini, watercress, tomatoes, green bell peppers, asparagus, portabella mushrooms, Swiss chard, okra, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and spinach.

High Water, Low Calories

In addition to replenishing your body’s fluids, the water in fruits and vegetables contributes one of two factors that make them such good choices for weight management. Water and fiber add bulk, yet don’t contain calories.

A higher percentage of both results in foods with fewer calories per portion. In other words, you won’t consume too many calories when you eat a normal — and filling — portion.

According to the Mayo Clinic, foods with high water content have lower energy density, meaning you can eat larger amounts of them while consuming fewer calories. The ability to actually eat a satisfying amount of healthy food while losing weight, versus limiting portions to restrict calories, facilitates weight loss.

Keep Yourself Hydrated

Not having enough water in your body, a condition called dehydration, can lead to serious health issues.

Symptoms of mild dehydration include dry lips and mouth. Moderate dehydration can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, reduced urine output, fatigue and muscle weakness or cramping. In severe cases, dehydration can lead to irritability, confusion, lack of sweating, rapid heart rate, fast breathing, cold hands, fever, blue lips and little to no urine output.

Read more:​ The Consequences of a Lack of Water

Meet Your Water Requirements

Electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, must dissolve in water before they can trigger muscle contractions and nerve impulses, according to the Mayo Clinic. Water helps regulate body temperature, protects your brain, cushions joints, transports nutrients and impacts blood volume.

The amount of water you need to consume changes depending on your activity level, the temperature and whether you’re losing excess water through sweat or urine. Under normal circumstances, women need 2.7 liters, and men should consume 3.7 liters of water daily, according to the National Academies for Sciences. This recommended intake includes the water you get from foods.

This Is the Weight-Loss Program That Actually Worked for LIVESTRONG.com Readers Across the Country

You’ve heard it a hundred times: Anything that sounds too good to be true when it comes to weight loss probably is. But when every weight-loss program out there promises undeniable results, how do you know which ones are legit and which ones are just marketing spin?

The key is looking at people’s real-life experiences, which is why we asked LIVESTRONG.com readers across the Unites States to share the weight-loss approach that worked for them.

One standout? Noom, the psychology-based weight-loss program that emphasizes adjusting habits to help people lose weight and keep it off. Keep reading to hear what three LIVESTRONG.com readers had to say about how this weight-loss approach fit into their lifestyles.

how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables
how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables

Michele Giannini | Clinton Township, New Jersey

Working long hours in an office environment for over 20 years and having two children, my weight had crept up.

I’d get really into a program and inevitably get injured. I had a high-stress job and life in general, and I noticed a year or two ago that even my workouts made me feel more stressed. I would get stronger and more fit, but generally not lose weight. Nothing ever felt right long-term. Nothing seemed sustainable.

In February, I saw an ad online for a free trial for Noom. I loved it right off the bat and signed up for a membership. I set my goal at 135 pounds, which was about 22 pounds from where I started. Once I reached that goal, I set another five-pound goal. In total, I’ve lost about 28 pounds, and my lifetime goal is to maintain within five pounds of my current weight.

The major

The major difference for me was the psychology behind Noom. The articles I’d read daily and the quizzes and self-assessments taught me so much. My thoughts completely changed regarding food and exercise. I learned why I ate the things I ate, and when, and how much. And because I am more concerned with movement over exercise, I’m enjoying walks and other gentler exercises that alleviate my stress rather than add to it. I feel so strong and healthy and I’ve never received so many compliments. The impact has truly been immeasurable, and I love how I’m now able to inspire others.

Nolan Carlson | West Fargo, North Dakota

I’ve tried a number of different diets, but ultimately they’ve resulted in short-term progress. I was looking for an app-based program so I always had it with me, and when I saw the commercial for Noom I thought I’d give it a try. I’ve been using it for about two months now, and I’ve lost 10 pounds.

Noom is different from other diets I’ve tried because it uses a plan based on caloric density. It doesn’t eliminate foods from your diet, but instead educates you on why certain choices are more beneficial for you than others. Noom also gets into the psychology and physiology of dieting and cravings — why your body signals you to eat at certain times, and why you feel urges to binge or grab something salty or sweet. Every day has reading lessons to help you make smarter choices, and you have the opportunity to share with a personal coach or a group.

how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables
how to find percentage of water in fruits and vegetables

Some of my favorite things about the Noom program are the daily weigh-ins, logging my food and the fact that I can still eat a wide variety of foods without starving myself or being on a non-sustainable diet.

The program works, but it still requires discipline. That’s the key to any diet. Any diet is only as good as the person willing to follow it. Much of my lack of progress is a result of me ignoring the lessons Noom has shared.

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how many percent of freshwater is drinkable

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how many percent of freshwater is drinkable
how many percent of freshwater is drinkable

What Percentage of the Earth’s Water Is Drinkable?

It is a common fact that the world is covered in water. In fact, continents are like big islands in expansive oceans. About 75% of the earth is covered in water. There is no shortage of water on earth. The earth boasts of some of the largest water bodies including the oceans, lakes, and rivers that stretch across approximately two-thirds of its surface. However, despite the fact that three-quarters of the Earth are made up of water, less than 3% of the water is fresh, non-saline water. Furthermore, of the existing fresh water, not all of it is available for human consumption.

How Much Freshwater is There on Earth?

As stated above, about 2.5% of the Earth’s water is freshwater. Of the fresh water available on earth, only 31% is accessible for use. About 69% of the fresh water is in form of ice cap and glacier in places like the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet, further reducing the quantity of the available drinking water. So, if only 31% of the fresh water is available for drinking, this means 31% of 2.5%=0.00775, which equates to less than 1%. Therefore, less than 1% of the earth’s water is drinkable. In some areas, the glacier often melts in summer to provide additional drinking water. However, the amount of water from glacier melt is not sufficient to increase the available fresh water to above 1%.

Where is Available Freshwater Stored?

Almost all the available freshwater (excluding glacier) is groundwater. The groundwater emerges and feeds the streams and saturated wetlands. It acts as a reservoir that can also be tapped for various uses including in agriculture and industries. Groundwater provides approximately 40% of the drinking water.

Another important source of drinking water is the surface freshwater. The surface water is held in lakes, rivers, dams, and streams. Although rivers and dams are critical for water supply, they contain only 1% of the freshwater. About 0.001% of the freshwater is contained in the form of atmospheric vapor, small amount considering its important function in weather. However, the atmospheric waters recycle several times in a year between the atmosphere and the earth’s surface, leading to rains and snows. The rains and snow are crucial in replenishing the surface water

How Many People Do Not Have Access to Clean Drinking Water?

Of the less than 1% of the available water for drinking, most of the third world countries do not have the needed resource to provide safe and clean drinkable water to its people. According to 2008 WHO report on Drinkable Water and Sanitation, about 885 million people, translating to an eighth of the world’s population, have no access to safe water. About 3.6 million people die annually from diseases resulting from unsafe drinking water.

how many percent of freshwater is drinkable
how many percent of freshwater is drinkable

What is the Future of Fresh Drinking Water?

Although surface water is an important source of drinkable water, surface water depends on several variable precipitation patterns, which makes it unreliable. Protecting and managing the underground and surface water is an essential task in ensuring availability of drinkable water. No one can create more water. But, by managing the water sources and distribution systems, people maximize the available water and make good use out of every drop.

Where is the Earth’s Water?

There is no shortage of water on Earth. Most of our planet is covered by water, but very little of that water is available for humans to drink.

Our “blue planet” is dominated by oceans that stretch across some two-thirds of its surface. These massive bodies of saltwater hold almost all the water on Earth.

Less than three percent of the planet’s water exists as freshwater—and not all of it is accessible for human use. These resources are mostly inaccessible for human use, though glacial meltwater is an important resource in some regions.

Earth’s freshwater resource

Almost all of the rest of Earth’s freshwater resource is groundwater. This subterranean water emerges at the surface to feed streams and saturate wetlands. Groundwater provides a critical reservoir that can be tapped for agricultural, industrial, and environmental uses as well as for drinking water supply. Today, groundwater provides an estimated 25 to 40 percent of all Earth’s drinking water. Some of the planet’s groundwater resources were created during ancient climates and are considered non-renewable water sources.

A minuscule percentage of Earth’s water

A minuscule percentage of Earth’s water is in the form of surface freshwater—even though most people get their daily drinking water from rivers or lakes. Rivers and streams, though critically important for water supply, contain perhaps one percent of this freshwater—a fraction of the amount found in lakes and reservoirs.

At any given time only about 0.001 percent of Earth’s water is in the form of atmospheric vapor—a surprisingly small number given its crucial role in weather. However, this water recycles many times per year between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere, a process that we experience as rain or snow.

how many percent of freshwater is drinkable
how many percent of freshwater is drinkable

resource: wikipedia

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how do you calculate percentile in excel

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Excel PERCENTILE Function

how do you calculate percentile in excel
how do you calculate percentile in excel
Summary

The Excel PERCENTILE function calculates the “kth percentile” for a set of data. A percentile is a value below which a given percentage of values in a data set fall. You can use PERCENTILE to determine the 90th percentile, the 80th percentile, etc.

Purpose
Get kth percentile
Return value
Calculated percentile for k
Syntax
=PERCENTILE (array, k)
Arguments
  • array – Data values.
  • k – Number representing kth percentile.
Version
Excel 2003
Usage notes

The Excel PERCENTILE function

The Excel PERCENTILE function calculates the “kth percentile” for a set of data. A percentile is a value below which a given percentage of values in a data set fall. A percentile calculated with .4 as k means 40% percent of values are less than or equal to the calculated result, a percentile calculated with k = .9 means 90% percent of values are less than or equal to the calculated result.

To use PERCENTILE, provide a range of values and a number between 0 and 1 for the “k” argument, which represents percent. For example:

=PERCENTILE(range,.4) // 40th percentile
=PERCENTILE(range,.9) // 90th percentile

You can also specify k as a percent using the % character:

=PERCENTILE(range,80%) // 80th percentile

PERCENTILE returns a value greater than or equal to the specified percentile.

In the example shown, the formula in G5 is:

=PERCENTILE(scores,E5)

where “scores” is the named range C5:C14.

Note: Microsoft classifies PERCENTILE as a “compatibility function”, now replaced by the PERCENTILE.INC function.

how do you calculate percentile in excel
how do you calculate percentile in excel

Percentile IF in table

This formula sits inside a small summary table with percentile values in column F and gender values in G4 and H4. Working from the inside out, the IF function is set up like this: IF(Table[Gender]=G$4,Table[Score…

Excel SMALL Function

The Excel SMALL function returns numeric values based on their position in a list ranked by value. In other words, it can retrive “nth smallest” values – 1st smallest value, 2nd smallest value, 3rd smallest value, etc.

Excel LARGE Function

The Excel LARGE function returns numeric values based on their position in a list when sorted by value. In other words, it can retrieve “nth largest” values – 1st largest value, 2nd largest value, 3rd largest value, etc.

Excel RANK Function

The Excel RANK function returns the rank of a numeric value when compared to a list of other numeric values. RANK can rank values from largest to smallest (i.e. top sales) as well as smallest to largest (i.e. fastest time).

PERCENTILE function

Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range. You can use this function to establish a threshold of acceptance. For example, you can decide to examine candidates who score above the 90th percentile.

Important:

  • This function has been replaced with one or more new functions that may provide improved accuracy and whose names better reflect their usage. Although this function is still available for backward compatibility, you should consider using the new functions from now on, because this function may not be available in future versions of Excel.
  • For more information about the new functions, see PERCENTILE.EXC function and PERCENTILE.INC function.
how do you calculate percentile in excel
how do you calculate percentile in excel

Syntax

PERCENTILE(array,k)

The PERCENTILE function syntax has the following arguments:

  • array     Required. The array or range of data that defines relative standing.
  • k  Required. The percentile value in the range 0..1, inclusive.

Remarks

  • If k is non-numeric, PERCENTILE returns the #VALUE! error value.
  • If k is < 0 or if k > 1, PERCENTILE returns the #NUM! error value.
  • If k is not a multiple of 1/(n – 1), PERCENTILE interpolates to determine the value at the k-th percentile.

What is the PERCENTILE Function?

The PERCENTILE function is categorized under Excel Statistical functions. PERCENTILE will return the k-th percentile of the values in a particular range.

In corporate finance, we can use the function to analyze, for example, the number of employees who scored above a certain percentile on a test.

In MS Excel 2010, the PERCENTILE function was replaced by the PERCENTILE.INC function. However, PERCENTILE is still available in current versions of Excel (stored in the list of compatibility functions).

Formula

=PERCENTILE(array,k)

The PERCENTILE function uses the following arguments:

  1. Array (required argument) – This is the array or range of data that defines the relative standing.
  2. k (required argument) – The percentile value in the range 0…1, inclusive.

How to use the PERCENTILE Function in Excel?

As a worksheet function, PERCENTILE can be entered as part of a formula in a cell of a worksheet.

Percentage

In mathematics, a percentage (from Latin per centum “by a hundred”) is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, “%”,[1][2] although the abbreviations “pct.”, “pct” and sometimes “pc” are also used.[3] A percentage is a dimensionless number (pure number); it has no unit of measurement.

Examples

For example, 45% (read as “forty-five percent”) is equal to the fraction 45/100, the ratio 45:55 (or 45:100 when comparing to the total rather than the other portion), or 0.45. Percentages are often used to express a proportionate part of a total.

(Similarly, one can also express a number as a fraction of 1000, using the term “per mille” or the symbol “‰”.)

Example 1

If 50% of the total number of students in the class are male, that means that 50 out of every 100 students are male. If there are 500 students, then 250 of them are male.

Example 2

An increase of $0.15 on a price of $2.50 is an increase by a fraction of 0.15/2.50 = 0.06. Expressed as a percentage, this is a 6% increase.

While many percentage values are between 0 and 100, there is no mathematical restriction and percentages may take on other values.[4] For example, it is common to refer to 111% or −35%, especially for percent changes and comparisons.

resource: wikipedia

A few notes about the PERCENTILE function:

  1. #NUM! error – Occurs if either:
    1. The supplied value of k is less than 0 or greater than 1.
    2. The supplied array is empty.
  2. #VALUE! error – Occurs if the supplied value of k is non-numeric.
  3. If k is not a multiple of 1/(n – 1), PERCENTILE interpolates to determine the value at the k-th percentile.
how do you calculate percentile in excel
how do you calculate percentile in excel
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how to calculate average percentage formula in excel

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how to calculate average percentage formula in excel
how to calculate average percentage formula in excel

How to Calculate Average Percentage: Formula and Examples

March 13, 2021

By: Indeed Editorial Team


Key takeaways:

  • The formula to calculate average percentage is [(percentage 1 + percentage 2) / (sample size 1 + sample size 2)] x 100
  • Use an average percentage when determining the average of two or more percentages of a whole.

Calculating the average percentage of something may seem like an easy task, but this concept can be more complicated than what may initially be assumed. While in some cases you may be able to simply average two percentages by adding them and dividing them by the number of percentages used, in other instances, you may need to consider factors such as sample size.

In this article, we discuss the basics of percentages and how to calculate average percentages, along with real-life examples of how to use the average percentage formula in various scenarios.

Understanding percentages

In basic terms, percentages are the ratios or proportions of something out of 100. For example, if you have a box of 100 chocolates and 35 of the chocolates are filled with vanilla creme, this would mean that 35% of the chocolates are vanilla creme flavored. Percentages are used in various aspects of daily life, including at school and business settings. Calculating the average of percentages may also be used in a number of different scenarios. For example, an investor may want to determine how two different stocks change over time in relation to each other. To understand this relationship, the investor would need to know how to calculate the average of the two stock percentages.

Related: Your Guide to Careers in Finance

How to calculate average

Before we can explain how to calculate an average percentage, we must first define how to calculate an average. The average of a set of numbers is simply the sum of the numbers divided by the total number of values in the set. For example, to find the average of 12, 15, 24, 78, 3, 313 and 10, simply sum the numbers (12 + 15 + 24 + 78 + 3 + 313 + 10 = 455) and divide by the total number of values in the set (7) to get an average of 65.

How to calculate average percentage

Calculating the average of two or more percentages requires a different set of steps than determining the average of two or more regular numbers. There are several things to take into account when calculating average percentage, including the fact that you often must first calculate the real numbers that a percentage represents.

Use the following steps to calculate average percentage in most cases:

1. Convert the percentages you wish to average into decimals

The first step in calculating the average of percentages is to turn the percentages into decimals. For example, let’s say you want to determine the average of 30% of 150 and 25% of 200. You would turn these two percentages into decimals by dividing them both by 100. This means that 30% is 0.3 as a decimal and 25% is .25 as a decimal.

how to calculate average percentage formula in excel
how to calculate average percentage formula in excel

2. Determine the number that each decimal represents

Once you have converted the percentages into decimals, you will then need to find the number that each decimal represents. To do this, you will multiply the decimal by the total number in the sample. So, using the prior example, you would multiply 0.3 by 150 to get 45 and multiply .25 by 200 to get 50.

3. Add the numbers together

The next step is to add the two numbers found in the last step together. So, 45 plus 50 equals 95.

4. Add the sample sizes together

You also need to add up the sample sizes for each percentage. So, 150 plus 200 equals 350.

5. Calculate the percentage average

To find the average percentage of the two percentages in this example, you need to first divide the sum of the two percentage numbers by the sum of the two sample sizes. So, 95 divided by 350 equals 0.27. You then multiply this decimal by 100 to get the average percentage. So, 0.27 multiplied by 100 equals 27 or 27%. This means that the average percentage of 30% of 150 and 25% of 200 is 27%.

Related: Analytical Skills: Definitions and Examples

how to calculate average percentage formula in excel
how to calculate average percentage formula in excel

Average percentage formula

The following is the formula that can be used to calculate most percentage averages:

[(Percentage 1 + percentage 2)/(sample size 1 + sample size 2)] x 100 = average percentage

In this formula, percentage 1 represents the decimal value of the given percentage from sample size 1. In order to determine the value of percentage 1, you must first convert the percentage into a decimal and then multiply the decimal by the sample size. Repeat this step to determine the decimal value of percentage 2 in this formula. Once you have calculated the decimal values of each percentage for each given sample size, you then add these decimal values together and divide the total number by the total sum of both sample sizes. You then need to multiply this value by 100 to get the average percentage.

Related: Guide to OKRs

Example of calculating average percentages

The following is an example of how to calculate the average of percentages in a real-life scenario:

XYZ Company wants to determine the average percentage of how many products were sold from two different product categories in a given year. In the first product category, the company produced 500 products and sold 75% of them. In the second category, the company produced 400 products and sold 60% of them.

The following steps are taken to determine the average percentage of products sold from both categories:

  1. Convert both percentages into decimals. So, 75 divided by 100 equals .75 and 60 divided by 100 equals .60. This gives you .75 and .60 as a representation of the two percentages of products sold from both product categories.
  2. Multiply the decimals by the total products produced in each category. So, .75 times 500 is equal to 375 and .60 multiplied by 400 is equal to 240. This means that 75% of 500 is 375 and 60% of 400 is equal to 240.
  3. Add the two numbers that represent the percentages of products from each category together. So, 375 plus 240 equals 615.
  4. Add the total amount of products produced from each category together. So, 500 plus 400 equals 900.
  5. Divide the sum of the percentages by the sum of the total products produced from each category. So, 615 divided by 900 is equal to 0.68.
  6. Multiply this decimal by 100 to get the average percentage. So, 0.68 times 100 equals 68, or 68%.

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how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel

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Discount

Calculate Percentage Discount | Calculate Discounted Price | Calculate Original Price

If you know the original price and the discounted price, you can calculate the percentage discount. If you know the original price and the percentage discount, you can calculate the discounted price, etc.

Calculate Percentage Discount

If you know the original price and the discounted price, you can calculate the percentage discount.

1. First, divide the discounted price by the original price.

how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel
how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel

Note: you’re still paying $60 of the original $80. This equals 75%.

2. Subtract this result from 1.

how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel
how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel

Note: if you’re still paying 75%, you’re not paying 25% (the percentage discount).

3. On the Home tab, in the Number group, click the percentage symbol to apply a Percentage format.

Percentage Format

Result.

Calculate Percentage Discount

Calculate Discounted Price

If you know the original price and the percentage discount, you can calculate the discounted price.

1. First, subtract the percentage discount from 1.

how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel
how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel

Note: you’re still paying 75%.

2. Multiply this result by the original price.

how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel
how to calculate discount percentage formula in excel

Note: you’re still paying 75% of the original $80. This equals $60.

Calculate Original Price

If you know the discounted price and the percentage discount, you can calculate the original price. Take a look at the previous screenshot. To calculate the discounted price, we multiplied the original price by (1 – Percentage Discount).

1. To calculate the original price, simply divide the discounted price by (1 – Percentage Discount).

Calculate Original Price

Brief Description of Discount Calculation in Excel

Discount calculation in excel is one of the calculations often used in this software. By using excel, the calculation process related to discount can be done easier and faster.

For each of the three discount variables calculation, you must know the value of the other two first. This is because the calculation process for each of them needs the other two variables as its references.

To help you understand better about discount calculation in excel and the three variables relationship, you can see the example below. From there, we can infer how the variables are connected and can be used to get the value of one another.

The Calculation of the Discounted Price

The first variable we discuss here is the discounted price. Generally, the calculation writing to get the discounted price in excel can be written as follows.

=original_price – discount_percentage * original_price

formula bar

As seen in the general writing and example’s formula bar, you need to subtract the original price with the discount value. The discount value itself can be gotten by multiplying your discount percentage with the original price. From there, you can get the discounted price that you want.
In detail, the steps to write the calculation process of the discounted price in excel are as follows:

  1. Type the equal sign ( = ) in the cell where you want to place the discounted value
  2. Input the original price or the cell coordinate where the number is after =. Then, type in a minus sign ( – )
  3. Input the discount percentage or the cell coordinate where the percentage is. Make sure the percentage symbol ( % ) is behind the input you put in here. Then, type a star sign ( * )
  4. Input the original price or the cell coordinate where the number is
  5. Press Enter
  6. Done!

After learning how to calculate the discounted price, next we will see how the discount percentage variable is calculated.

The Calculation of the Discount Percentage

Generally, the writing of discount percentage calculation in excel can be given as follows:

=(original_price – discounted_price) / original_price And here is an example of the writing usage and its result (look at the formula writing in the formula bar).

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